Process instrumentation across the hydrogen value chain

3 ways how KROHNE can support your hydrogen projects ​

Hydrogen is critical to the energy transition as it is a clean, versatile fuel that can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions when produced with renewable energy. It serves as an important energy carrier that can store and transport energy from intermittent renewable sources such as solar and wind power.

The hydrogen value chain includes production, storage, distribution, and utilisation. Green hydrogen is mainly produced through electrolysis. The green hydrogen is stored as compressed gas, liquid hydrogen, or in chemical forms such as amoninia. Distribution methods include pipelines, trucks, rail, and shipping. Utilisation spans industrial processes, transportation (fuel cell vehicles), power generation (stationary and portable fuel cells), and residential/commercial heating and power.

Challenges

Process measurement technology that comes into contact with hydrogen must fulfil special requirements. As hydrogen is a small molecule that easily diffuses through materials, the devices must be particularly leak-proof and made of hydrogen-resistant materials to prevent leaks and embrittlement. Austenitic stainless steels or special plastics are often used. They must also be corrosion-resistant, especially in the presence of moist hydrogen.

As hydrogen is highly flammable, the devices must comply with explosion protection requirements (e.g. ATEX, IECEx). They must be able to withstand extreme pressures (up to 1000 bar) and temperatures without losing their function. The measuring devices must remain precise and stable and be calibrated in accordance with international standards. Safety precautions such as emergency shutdowns must be quickly taken to prevent additional risk for example in the event of leaks.

How can KROHNE provide support?

In hydrogen processing, advanced measurement solutions are critical for ensuring both safety and efficiency.

Complete portfolio of instrument technologies

The ALTOSONIC V12 flowmeter, equipped with customised transducer technology, provides a robust and reliable option, offers a robust and reliable option that is resistant to hydrogen embrittlement even at elevated temperatures, making it ideal for hydrogen applications.

However, hydrogen presents unique challenges, such as the diffusion of atomic hydrogen through standard diaphragm seals on pressure transmitters, which can cause gas accumulation and degradation of the system. To address this, KROHNE has developed pressure transmitters with gold-plated diaphragms and ceramic measuring cells, significantly enhancing durability and performance in hydrogen environments.

Customised measurement solutions

KROHNE’s metering systems are deployed throughout the entire hydrogen value chain, from production and pipeline transport to industrial use and storage. Since hydrogen may contain impurities like H2O, O2, CO2, CO, or CH4 depending on its production method, KROHNE metering solutions also analyses the composition of the gas.

Leakage management system for pipeline monitoring

As hydrogen plays an increasingly pivotal role in the energy transition, safe and cost-effective transportation, particularly through pipelines, is vital. Given hydrogen's propensity for leaks and the risk of embrittlement, robust leak detection systems are essential for maintaining the integrity and safety of hydrogen infrastructure.

Contribution to Sustainability

  • Supporting the energy transition through safe and accurate measurement of hydrogen​

  • Increasing efficiency and safety when handling hydrogen​

  • Products in compliance with the regulations and standards of the hydrogen industries

Further Benefits

  • Reliable measurements optimise processes in the hydrogen value-chain, reducing energy use and operational expenses

  • Accurate instrumentation ensures regulatory compliance, preventing costly penalties from leaks or inaccurate reporting.

  • Continuous monitoring prevents equipment stress, extending lifespan and lowering repair costs.

Supporting Sustainability with Precision

Measurement technology is crucial for the entire hydrogen value chain, as it enables precise recording and control of pressure, flow and temperature. It ensures safety in the production, transport and storage of hydrogen. It also helps to increase efficiency and reduce costs by minimising failures and ensuring optimal use of resources.

Related Products, Services & Solutions

Coriolis mass flowmeter for advanced process applications

  • High accuracy (±0.05% flat), for cryogenic to high temperature media (-200…+400°C / -328…+752°F); maintains operation over a wide range of gas fractions and complex flow conditions (EGMTM)
  • SIL 2/3; CT: OIML R117, R137, MI-005, MI-002; API, AGA; hygienic certifications
  • Flange: DN10…300 / ½…12", max. PN 160 / ASME Cl 1500
  • 3 x 4…20 mA, HART®7, Modbus, FF, Profibus-PA/DP, PROFINET, EtherNet/IP™, Bluetooth®

Ultrasonic flowmeter for custody transfer (CT) measurement of gases

  • 12-chord meter, for high accuracy flow metering of natural gas
  • CT: OIML R137 (class 0.5), MI-002, AGA9 etc.
  • Many variants, extensive CBM diagnostics free of charge
  • Flange: DN100…1600 / 4…64"; max. PN450 / ASME Cl 2500

Flow computer for custody transfer (CT) measurement

  • Cost effective solution due to modular hard- and software design
  • Full colour graphical touch screen for maximum process transparency
  • Easy operator access enabling time efficient maintenance
  • Automatic Performance Monitoring extends recalibration interval

Metering solution for hydrogen

  • Excellent measurement of pure hydrogen and hydrogen/natural gas mixtures
  • Accuracy even at low operating density
  • Self-diagnostic for optimal system performance

Related Applications

Application Report | Chemical

  • Custody transfer flow measurement of a gas mixture with hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4)
  • Re-use of existing natural gas pipeline for H2 transport between industrial sites
  • Decrease in energy consumption of 0.15 PJ, 10,000 metric tons CO2 per year saved

Applictation Note | Chemical

  • Ultrasonic flow measurement of H2 from syngas production
  • Reliable and safe monitoring of hydrogen supply to production units
  • Drift-free measurement over a wide dynamic range up to 1300 Nm3/h

Application Report | Metal & Mining

  • Process gas measurement in the production of graphite parts
  • Excellent measurement accuracy at low operating density
  • Reliable information on gas consumption for improved cost management

Application Note | Oil & Gas

  • Reliable and highly accurate measuring system
  • Comprehensive solution in accordance with MID MI-002
  • Self-monitoring of the measuring system for process optimisation

Application Report | Metal & Mining

  • Ensuring consistent hydrogen flow rates for the reduction of hot tungsten oxide to tungsten powder
  • Reliable variable area flow measurement at only 40 mbarg / 0.58 psig
  • Local and direct reading of hydrogen flow into a reactor furnace without auxiliary power

Application Report | Oil & Gas

  • Accurate and consistent information for the grid injection of green gases
  • Flow measurement of hydrogen, synthetic methane (SNG), carbon dioxide and natural gas
  • Full scope of delivery from one source incl. instrumentation, testing, commissioning and training
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