Enabling sustainable energy generation through geothermal steam measurement systems
3 ways how KROHNE can support your geothermal projects
Geothermal energy utilises the natural heat from the earth's interior and offers a reliable, virtually inexhaustible source of energy. It is independent of weather conditions and is therefore a stable alternative to other renewable energies such as solar or wind power. Thanks to its ability to supply energy around the clock, it plays a central role in the global energy transition.
Geothermal energy is particularly environmentally friendly as it does not cause any CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels. Compared to fossil fuels, it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect and has a minimal impact on the landscape. Geothermal plants require little land area and only have a minimal impact on nature, as no large-scale interventions such as clearing or dam construction are necessary. Another advantage is the long service life of these systems, which can supply stable energy for decades.
Challenges
Operating a geothermal plant presents significant challenges when it comes to measurement technology, primarily due to the nature of geothermal steam and brine. Geothermal steam often contains non-condensable gases (NCGs) and is typically near saturation or even wet, making reliable and accurate measurement particularly difficult. Even slight deviations in operating conditions or unrecognised process disturbances can lead to condensation or liquid carry-over, which can compromise the accuracy of measurements. This, in turn, can disrupt plant control systems and potentially shorten the lifespan of critical components like turbine blades.
Additionally, geothermal brine poses its own challenges. It is not only extremely hot but also highly corrosive, containing substances like hydrogen sulfide (H2S), silica, and other unwanted substances. Vacuum conditions may occur in the lines, along with elevated temperatures, adding further complexity to the measurement process. The corrosive nature of the brine requires measurement devices that can withstand harsh environments to ensure both accuracy and durability over time.
How can KROHNE provide support?
Accurate measurement in geothermal plants presents unique challenges due to the nature of geothermal steam and brine. Geothermal steam, containing non-condensable gases (NCGs) and often near saturation or wet, complicates measurement accuracy.
Comprehensive portfolio
KROHNE addresses this with dedicated flow measurement solutions, including factory-calibrated OPTIBAR Venturi tubes with heated chambers and high-grade stainless-steel components, alongside OPTIBAR differential pressure transmitters.
Venturi flow metering solutions
Our geothermal steam measurement system, based on an advanced Venturi design refined from our field-proven wet gas systems in the oil and gas sector, addresses these challenges. The system features an extended Venturi tube with heated chambers and a Virtual Flow Computer (VFC) to calculate liquid over-reading and continuously monitor the Pressure Loss Ratio (PLR), which signals any increase in liquid content. Fully compliant with international standards, this system enables precise measurement of steam flowrate and quality while alerting operators to potential liquid carryover risks—without the need for additional online steam quality analysers.
Stable and durable products
The harsh conditions - such as high temperatures, corrosive brine and impurities such as hydrogen sulphide and silicon dioxide - pose a major challenge for the durability of the devices. Measuring solutions that have been specially developed for these extreme conditions contribute to a longer service life of the equipment. As a manufacturer of process instruments, we offer specialised solutions that meet the stringent requirements of geothermal applications. Our measurement technology is designed for durability and precision in extreme environments, providing the reliable performance required for the longevity of equipment in the geothermal sector.
Contribution to Sustainability
Enhanced resource efficiency: KROHNE’s devices accurately monitor steam wetness and liquid carry-over, optimising use of resources and inventory.
Extending equipment lifespan: By reducing risks of condensation and liquid carry-over, KROHNE’s measurement technology helps protect critical components such as turbine blades, prolonging their lifespan.
Support for alternative energy sources: With technologies adapted to challenging geothermal conditions, KROHNE enables the efficient operation of renewable energy sources, supporting the global transition to low-carbon energy.
Further Benefits
Resilience in harsh conditions: KROHNE's measurement solutions are designed to withstand vacuum conditions, extreme temperatures and corrosive salt solutions to support sustainable plant operations.
Improving measurement accuracy for stable Operations: KROHNE’s advanced measurement technology ensures reliable data in challenging geothermal steam conditions, supporting stable and efficient plant operations.
Complete range of technologies: Including six different flow and five different level technologies to always best match the harsh operation conditions to maximise inventory lifetime
Contribution to Sustainability
The reliable and sustainable operation of geothermal plants hinges on precise measurement technology that can withstand extreme environmental challenges. KROHNE’s advanced measurement solutions play a critical role in supporting sustainability within these energy systems. By ensuring high measurement accuracy in complex steam and brine conditions, KROHNE helps maintain stable and efficient plant operations, ultimately enhancing energy output and reducing waste. Additionally, KROHNE’s devices are engineered to withstand extreme temperatures and corrosive environments, prolonging the lifespan of critical components and reducing resource consumption. Through corrosion-resistant materials and robust design, KROHNE minimises equipment replacement needs, supporting the long-term durability of geothermal plants. These contributions to accuracy, resilience, and resource efficiency reflect KROHNE’s commitment to sustainable, reliable energy production in the geothermal sector.